Who has more diversity of thought: Democrats or Republicans? (Sorry Independents) | S02E04

Full Episode
https://www.patreon.com/politicalreality/posts/who-has-more-of-169089951

**1. Dias et al. (2025), “American partisans vastly under-estimate the diversity of other partisans’ policy attitudes.”**
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/political-science-research-and-methods/article/american-partisans-vastly-underestimate-the-diversity-of-other-partisans-policy-attitudes/CD71B9D75D10CFA0A9A07501E1CCD81A#article

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**2. A few corporate-focused diversity of thought resources (Scott E. Page was my Ph.D. advisor so bias alert):**
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scott_E._Page

    ** 1. Page (2007; 2025 second edition), *The difference: How the power of diversity creates better groups, firms, schools, and societies***

    ** 2. Page (2019), *The diversity bonus: How great teams pay off in the knowledge economy***

    ** 3. Page & Hong (2004), “Groups of diverse problem solvers can outperform groups of high-ability problem solvers”**
    https://www.pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.0403723101

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**3. Democrats tend to be more diverse along many (not all) standard demographic/identity dimensions: Pew research**
https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2024/04/09/the-changing-demographic-composition-of-voters-and-party-coalitions/

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**4. Republicans tend to be more diverse along education (depending on how you measure it!): More Pew**
https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2024/04/09/partisanship-by-race-ethnicity-and-education/

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**5. Older work on diversity of Democrat vs. Republican news consumption: Pew again!**
https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2014/10/21/section-1-media-sources-distinct-favorites-emerge-on-the-left-and-right/

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**6. More recent shifts in news consumption: rise of online, proliferation on the right**

     **Rise of online:**
    https://www.odwyerpr.com/story/public/23818/2025-10-28/shifts-political-news-consumption.html

    ➡️ **Proliferation on the right:**
    https://www.mediamatters.org/google/right-dominates-online-media-ecosystem-seeping-sports-comedy-and-other-supposedly

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**7. Chang et al. (2025), “Liberals and conservatives share information differently on social media”**
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40697192/

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**8. ️ Lüders et al. (2023), “Attitude networks as intergroup realities: Using network-modeling to research attitude-identity relationships in polarized political contexts.”**
https://bpspsychub.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bjso.12665

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**9. American National Election Studies (ANES) data on:**

    **⚕️ 1. Abortion**
    https://electionstudies.org/data-tools/anes-guide/anes-guide.html?chart=abortion_by_law

    ** 2. Immigration**
    https://electionstudies.org/data-tools/anes-guide/anes-guide.html?chart=immigrants_should_be_decreased_increased

    ** 3. Guns**
    https://electionstudies.org/data-tools/anes-guide/anes-guide.html?chart=gun_purchase_control

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**10. Other background on ways we misunderstand each other:**

    ** 1. Ahler (2014), “Self-fulfilling misperceptions of polarization”**
    https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1017/S0022381614000085

    ** 2. Enders & Armaly (2018), “The differential effects of actual and perceived polarization.”**
    https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11109-018-9476-2

    ** 3. Ahler & Sood (2018), “The parties in our heads: Misperceptions about party composition and their consequences.”**
    https://repository.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:605549/datastream/PDF/view

    ** 4. Garton et al. (working paper; not peer-reviewed yet, but just to explore some of the latest/current/ongoing research), “Partisans overestimate their side’s intolerance.”**
    https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-7579935/v1